Gas and air mixer.



No. 718,472. PATENTED JAN. 13. 1903.

J. F. W. JUST.

GAS AND AIR MIXER. APPLICATION FILED MT. 2, 1900. RENEWED MAY a1, 1902.

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No. 718,472. PATENTED JAN. 13, 1903. LP. W. JOST.

GAS AND AIR MIXER.

APPLIOATION FILED 001313, 1900. RENEWED MAY 31, 1902.

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PATENTED JAN.,13, 1903;

J. P. W. JOST.

GAS AND AIR MIXER.

APPLICATION FILED our. 2, 1900. annnwnn my a1, 1902.

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PATENTED JAN. 13, 1903.-

J. I".v W.JOST..

GAS AND AIR MIXER.

APPLICATION FILED 0M. 2, 1900. RENEWED MAY 31, 1902.

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JQF. W. JUST. GAS AND AIR MIXER. APPLICATION F ILED 0O'1'.2, 1900.RENEWED MAY 31, 1902.

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JOHN FREDERICK W. J OST, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TOWELSBACH LIGHT COMPANY, OF GLOUCESTER CITY, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OFNEW JERSEY.

GAS AND AIR MIXER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 718,472, dated January13, 1903.

Application filed October 2, 1900. Renewed May 31, 1902. Serial No.109,786- (No model.)

15 Another object of the invention is to provide for raising thepressure of the mixture above that of the incoming gas.

To these and other ends hereinafter set forth the invention consists ofthe improvethe pressure of the gas will be dead, as the mentshereinafter described and claimed.

The nature, characteristic features, and

scope of the invention will be more fully understood from the followingdescription, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, formingpart hereof, andin which- Figure 1 is a sectional View of the new andimproved gas-mixer embodying features of the invention. Fig. 2 is asectional View taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a sectionalview taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a sectional view takenon the line 4 4 of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on the line5 5 of Fig. 1. Figs. 6, 7, 8, and 9 are diagrammatic views illustratingthe different relative positions of the gas and air valves. Fig. 10 is asectional view illustrating a mixer embodying a modification of theinvention and showing the entrance and exit to the air-chamber furnishedwith puppet- 0 valves instead of D-valves. Fig. 11 is anothermodification of the bellows; and Figs. 12 and 13 are respectively asectional plan and a sectional elevation/ illustrating a modification ofthe invention.

Heretofore the commercial production of a mixture of gas and air wasaccomplished by a Wet mixer having two drums mounted on the same axis orconnected in some way by gearing, the dimensions or gearing of the drumsdetermining the mixture. Except in a few isolated cases this method ofmixing gas and air has never been practical, owing to the fact that themixers used up too much pressure in revolving through the water, thesmall area exposed to the pressure of the gas and'the large amount ofair that must be sucked in reducing the pressure of the gas to such anextent as to leave none for the housepiping. Attempts have been made onaccount of this difiiculty to construct dry meters which would mix thegas and air, the pressure on the gas being transmitted to the air'bymeans of bellows, the best-known case of this sort being that of Armand,No. 87,130, of February 23, 1869. In this the two diaphragms areconnected by a rod, so that they both move in the same direction at thesame time. However, at the end of each stroke mixer-diaphragms will not,be moving, so that the pressure of the mixture will vary from zero tomaximum- The first requisite of a dry meter or mixer is that its actionbe absolutely continuous. As will be seen from the description of myinvention, the bellows work at quarter-revolutions,respectively, orthereahout, and in that way perform acontinuous action and deliver theiroutput at a substantially constant pressure.

In the drawings, 1 is a housing or casing. As shown, its lower portionis divided into two chambers 2 and 3 by an upright partition 4 and ahorizontal partition 5. Within the chambers 2 and 3 are arranged bellows6 and 7. These bellows are arranged for expansion and contraction inrespect to the partition 4, and they are shown as internally subdivided,so as to provide within them compartments 8 for air and 9 for gas. Thepartition 4 is provided upon its opposite faces with ducts 11 0 and 12,Fig. 1, of which the duct 11 serves to convey gas to the gas-compartment9 and the duct 12 to convey air to the air-compartment 8. As shown, thebellows are of generally rectangular form, and'accuracyin theirmove- 5ments is promoted by the provision of a pivotal yoke 13, of which thearms work through suitable keepers, as shown in Fig. 1. Above thepartition 5 and on top of it is arranged a partitition wall 14 andinclined walls 15, which bound gas-chambers 16 and 17, through which thegas passes on its way to and from the bellows. These walls also,together with walls 18, bound chambers 19 and 20, through which the gaspasses on its way to and from the chambers 2 and 3. There are alsopassages 21 and 22 inclosed by suitable walls, and these lead to apassage 24, which communicates with the chamber 25 at the top of thecasing 1, which chamber 25 serves to receive and deliver the mixture ofair and gas. Above the plate 5 and the walls which are carried by it isarranged another plate 26, Fig. 4. On top of this plate 26 is arrangedV-shaped walls 27 and 28, connected by a longitudinally -ranging wall 29and also a crosswise-ranging wall 30. These walls serve to form anair-inlet chamber 31, chambers 32 and 33, through which air passes onits way to and from the bellows, and a gas-inlet chamber 34. Above thesewalls there is a plate or partition 35, Fig. 3, which forms their topand also separates them from the chamber 25. Air enters chamber 31 byway of inlet 36. From chamber31airis admitted to chamber 32 or 33,according as the bellows are moving one way orthe other. Toaccomplishthis, the plate 35 is provided with ports a a and b b. D-valves A and Bcooperate with these ports. When the D-valve A spans both of the ports aa, air passes from chamber 31 to chamber 32, and when D-valve B spansports I) b air passes from chamber 31 to chamber From chambers 32 and 33air reaches the bellows by way of the passages 12 and 12, Fig. 4, whichpassages extend through the plate5and merely penetrate the partition 26.Upon leaving the bellows the air comes back over the same passage to thechambers 32 or 33, as the case may be, and when the D-valve A uncoversport a. the air can escape from 32 through a into 25, and when D-valve Buncovers port 1) air can escape from chamber 33 into chamber 25. Thepressure of the mixture in the chamber 25 exceeds the pressure of theair in the chamber 31, so that the D valves A and B are placed on top ofthe partition 35 and in the chamber 25. The entering air passes underthe valves, and their upper sides are exposed to the pressure of the airand gas in the chamber 25, which exceeds the pressure of the air. Inthis way they are held to their seats and their proper operation isinsured. Gas entering at 37 reaches the chamber 34. From the chamber 34there are ports 0 and d, which lead, respectively, to the chambers 16and 17, Fig. 5. In turn these chambers 16 and 17 communicate, by way ofthe ducts 11 and 11, with the respective gascompartments of the bellows.There are also ports 0 and d, which communicate by way of ducts 39 and40, Fig. 5, with the chambers 2 and 3, so that gas passing through theseducts may reach these chambers outway of passage 20 into passage 40 tocompartment 2. When the valve D spans either of the ports d or d and dit serves to convey the gas from either of the ports d or d, as the casemay be, through the port (Z into the passage 22 and thence by way of 24to the chamber 25, so that gas is conducted either from within thebellows or from the outside of the bellows into the chamber 25 in thisway. For the sake of a clearer description of my invention it will beassumed that the bellows X is collapsing and that the bellows Y is aboutto collapse, it being understood that while one bellows is travelingbetween its extreme positions the other bellows is traveling from itsmidway position to either of its extreme positions and back again to itsmiddle position, as the case may be, the object being to deliver auniform pressure of the mixture. Upon the above assumption air isescaping from compartment 8 by way of 12 to chamber 33 and by way ofport b to chamber 25. Gas is escaping from 9 by way of 11 to chamber 17,by port (1 through valve D to 22, and by way of 24 to chamber 25. Ofcourse the air and gas mix in the chamber 25, and the relativeproportions are determined by the respective volumes of the chambers 3and 9, and thus the production of a mixture of definite proportions ofair and gas is accomplished. At the same time gas is escaping from thechamber 34 by way of the port d to the chamber 20 and by way of 40 tothe chamber 2, and this gas pressing upon the exterior of the bellows Xis exerting its force to collapse it. The bellows Y, if not entirelyfilled, willbe filling in the manner about to be described. The gas thathad been previously introduced into the chamber 3 escapes therefromthrough 39, 19, port 0, through valve 0, through port 0 through 21 to24, and from thence to the chamber25. Its volume is als0,of course,known and. adds itself to the mixture in the chamber 25. In expandingthe bellows Y draw in gas by way of 34, port 0, 16, and the duct 11 andair by way of chamber 31, port a, through valve A, port a, chamber 32,and duct 12. The described operation is repeated as the bellows expandand collapse, and thus there is supplied continuously a mixture of airand gas in known proportions at the chamber 25, from which it can bedelivered for any suitable purpose and at a substantially constantpressure. Referring to Fig. 11, separate bellows are provided for gasand for air, which are arranged side by side instead of one within theother; other- IIO wise the construction and operation are as abovedescribed. In Fig. I have shown an apparatus in which the supply of airis taken in differently from the arrangement above described. In theapparatus shown in Fig. 10 the inlet 41 extends through the bot tom ofthe device and is there provided with a puppet or flap valve 42. Abovethe ports 43, which extend from 41 to the chamber 8, there is anotherflap or puppet valve 44. In this construction the chambers 31, 32, and33 and the valves A and B are dispensed with. Referring to Fig. 10, asthe bellows expand the valve 42 opens and air enters by 41 and 43 and isdrawn into the chamber 8. As the bellows collapse valve 42 closes, valve44 opens, and the air is expelled by way of 41 directly into the chamber25. With the exceptions above noted the construction and mode ofoperation of the modification shown in Fig. 10 are as above describedwith respect to Figs. 1 and 2. Bya proper multiplication of bellows orcompartments in bellows it is possible to obtain any requiredproportions of air and gas. In Figs. 12 and 13 I have shown anarrangement by which these re-- sults can be accomplished. Theconstruction and mode of operation of the device shown in Figs. 12 and13 are as above described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2 exceptasfollows: yisanadditionalgas-bellows, which has communication with a duct61. The space 3 serves as an air-space. Air is supplied to this space 3by way of a passage or tube 62. This passage or tube 62 constitutes anadditional or third port for the air D-valve, which is designated B onFig. 3. Air, as is shown in Fig. 12, is supplied by way of a conduit 63,so that from 63 the air is delivered either to 62 or to 1), according tothe position of the valve B. When the valve uncovers the port 62, theair escapes into the chamber 25. 64 is a conduit or passage whichextends from port d to the passage 61 and serves to convey gas to theinterior of the bellows 1 instead of delivering it into the chamber 3.It will be understood that only one half of the device has been shownand described in Figs. 12 and 13; but the other half is just the same.Since the gas is confined in the bellows y, it follows that a largerproportion of air is introduced into the mixture than is done in thearrangement shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

From the foregoing description it is obvious that the movements of thevarious D-valvesmust be properly timed in relation to each other, and Iwill proceed to describe mechanism well adapted to operate these valvesand to time their movements to cause the device to operate as a whole inthe manner above described.

45 is a shaft provided with cranks 46, 47, and 48. The crank 48 isconnected with the spindles of the valves A and B. The crank 47 isconnected with the spindle of the valve of its revolutions each of thebellows X and Y makes one-complete stroke, impelled to do so through thedescribed operation of the various valves which control it. Fig. 6 showsthe position of the valves when the bellows X are expanding from theirmiddle position and the bellows Y is in'its extreme position outward, sothat X is discharging gas from the outside of the bellows, Y being onthe end of a stroke, doing nothing. In Fig.7 the bellows Y is on itsintermediate position inward, discharging gas and air from the inside,while the bellows X is at its extreme outward position. In Fig. 8 thebellows Y has finished its-inward motion and the bellows X'is at itsintermediate position on the inner stroke, discharging gas from theinside. In Fig. 9 the bellows Y is at the'middle position of its outwardstroke and the bellows X is at the extreme position inward, the bellowsY discharging gas from the outside. The shaft 45 may be rotated by theapplication of power to it-for example, by means of the shaft 49 andgearing 50 -or it may be rotated by the pressure of the gasactingthrough the instrumentality of the bellows. For this purpose flags50 and 50, having slide contact with the bellows, may be provided. Theseflags 50 and 50 are mounted on fiagstaffs 51 and 52. At the upper endsof these flagstaffs are mounted cranks 53 and 54, which are connected,through the intervention of links and 56, with a crank on the shaft 45.The cranks 53 and 54 are arranged with reference to each other as shownand the same as the bellows X and Y-that is, when one is at the end of astroke the other is at the middle of a stroke-and this prevents thecrank 60 from ever being on a dead-point. By the motion in and out ofthe bellows the cranks 53 and 54, in connection with 55 and 56, give thecrank 60 a rotary movement, thus operating the crank-shaft 45 and thecranks 46, 47, and 48, and thereby the valves A, B, C, and D. Theapplication of power to the shaft 49 in excess of the power required tomove the various parts may obviously be made to serve to increase thepressure of the mixture of air and gas above the pressure of theincoming gas.

It will be obvious to those skilled in the art to which the inventionrelates that modifications may be made in details without departing fromthe spirit thereof. Hence I do not limit myself to the preciseconstruction and arrangement of parts hereiuabove set forth,

and illustrated in the drawings; but,

Having thus described the nature and ob- ICC) jects of the invention,what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A dry gas-mixer comprising chambers of variable capacity and of whichsome operate upon air and some upon gas, a mixing-chamber common to allof said chambers, and admission and eduction valves and theiraccessories for constraining at least some one of said first-mentionedchambers to discharge into the mixing-chamber at all times,substantially as described.

2. A dry gas-mixer comprising sets of double bellows of which somebellows operate on air and some on gas, chambers respectively inclosingthe sets of bellows, a mixing-chamber common to all of the bellows, andvalves and their accessories for causing a discharge at all times intosaid mixing-chamber, substantially as described.

3. A dry gasanixer comprising sets of bellows of which some bellowsoperate on air and some on gas, chambers respectively inclosing the setsof bellows, a mixing-chamber common to all of the bellows, valves andtheir accessories for causing a discharge at all times into saidmixing-chamber, a revoluble crank-shaft, mechanism interposed betweenthe bellows and the crank-shaft for rotating it, and valve-gearinterposed between said shaft and valves, substantially as described.

4. A dry gas-mixer comprising sets of bellows of which some bellowsoperate on air and some on gas, chambers respectively inclosing the setsof bellows, a mixing-chamber common to all of the bellows, valves andtheir accessories for causing a discharge at all times into saidmixingchamber, and means for applying power for driving said bellows,substantially as described.

5. A dry gas-mixer consisting of chambers of variable volume of whichsome operate on air and some on gas, a mixing-chamber, an air-intakechamber, a second air-chamber having communication with some of thechambers of variable volume, valves and their ports for establishingcommunication between the air-intake chamber and the second air-chamberand the mixing-chamber, a gasintake chamber, two second gas-chambershaving communication with some of said chambers of variable volume, agas offtakechamber having communication with the mixing-chamber and withsaid second gaschambers, valves and their ports for controlling thepassage of gas, and mechanism for operating said valves, substantiallyas described.

6. In a dry gas-mixer the combination of a mixing-chamber, an air-intakechamber and a second air-chamber beneath the same, ports from themixing-chamber to each of the airchambers, and a D slide-valve mountedin the mixing-chamber, whereby the pressure therein holds the sameproperly to its seat, substantially as described.

7. In a dry gas-mixer the combination of a chamber of variable volume,an induction and ednction connection therefor, and puppet-valvesoperatively arranged in respect to said connections, substantially asdescribed.

8. In a dry gas-mixer, chambers of variable capacity or volume, of whichsome operate on air and of which some are operated by gas, valves andtheir operating mechanism for controlling the induction and eduction ofgas, and air-valves and their accessories operativel y connected withthe gas-valve-operating mechanism, substantially as described.

9. In a gas-mixer a pair of air-valves, a pair of gas-valves, and arevoluble shaft provided with three cranks, of which two appertain tothe gas-valves and one to the airvalves. substantially as described.

10. In a gas-mixer, a pair of air-valves, a pair of gas-valves, and arevoluble shaft provided with three cranks set ninety degrees apart, andof which the intermediate one appertains to the air-valves and theothers respectively to the gas-valves, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name.

JOHN FREDERICK W. JOST.

\Vitnesses:

W. J. JACKSON, FRANK T. KALAS.

